We take it for granted written words have our same interpretation when read by others. However, meanings change, depending on the reader’s familiarity, convenience, or assumptions.

Specifications need to move away from the overly simplified and technically inadequate approach adopted over the last few decades. There must be a return to technically competent specifications firmly rooted in performance, with product...

I have friends that often influence my approach to specification writing. One such friend is a ship navigator, who drew many comparisons between his role on the bridge and ours as specifiers. I liked...

Recently, I was researching into volatile organic compound (VOC) levels for epoxy coatings to meet Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Healthcare requirements. I was well aware of the different levels of familiarity...

Many specifiers have been called into an uncomfortable meeting with a request to clarify exactly what was intended by the written words in the project manual. One can often be left with the feeling...