Notes
1 Canada Energy Regulator, “Provincial & Territorial Energy Profiles,” modified March 3, 2023; www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/energy-markets/provincial-territorial-energy-profiles/provincial-territorial-energy-profiles-explore.html, accessed May 17, 2023.
2 World Resources Institute & World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Greenhouse Gas Protocol: Technical Guidance for Calculating Scope 3 Emissions, Version 1.0, 2013, ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/ghgp/standards/Scope3_Calculation_Guidance_0.pdf.
3 United Nations Environmental Programme, 2019 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction, https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/3da9daf9-ef75-4a37-b3da-a09224e299dc/2019_Global_Status_Report_for_Buildings_and_Construction.pdf
4 Carbon Smart Materials Palette, an Architecture 2030 Project, “Why Embodied Carbon?” www.materialspalette.org/, accessed May 17, 2023.
5 International Zinc Association (IZA) “Environment – Zinc is Natural,” www.zinc.org/environment-2/, accessed May 17, 2023.
6 IZA, Zinc Recycling Material Supply, 2022, www.zinc.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2022/10/Material-Supply_VF_1_23.pdf.
7 The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, “A global life cycle assessment for primary zinc production;” Van Genderen, E., Wildnauer, M., Santero, N. et al.; Nov. 2016 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11367-016-1131-8.
8 IZA, “Carbon Footprint Guidance,” www.zinc.org/carbon_footprint_guidance/, accessed May 17, 2023.
9 IZA, “Life Cycle Assessment,” www.zinc.org/life-cycle-assessment/, accessed May 17, 2023.
10 IZA, “Climate Change,” www.zinc.org/climate_change/, accessed May 17, 2023.
11 RHEINZINK, “Sustainable Architecture,” www.rheinzink.us/sustainability/sustainable-planning-and-building/sustainable-architecture/, accessed May 17, 2023.
12 ASTM B69-21, “Standard Specification for Rolled Zinc,” www.astm.org/b0069-21.html, accessed May 17, 2023.
13 Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP), “2021 IMPACT Canada Study,” www.ampp.org/technical-research/what-is-corrosion/corrosion-reference-library/impact-canada, https://higherlogicdownload.s3.amazonaws.com/NACE/cedda8a4-c3c0-4583-b1b6-3b248e6eb1f2/UploadedImages/Resources/pdf/IMPACT-CANADA-2021.pdf, accessed May 17, 2023.
14 “How Much Waste Does a Renovation Create?” Tessa Di Grandi and Alejandra Dander, Nov. 30, 2022; www.visualcapitalist.com/sp/how-much-waste-does-a-renovation-create/, accessed May 17, 2023.
15 American Chemical Society, Chemical & Engineering News, “What’s That Stuff? Asphalt,” Michael Freemantle, Vol. 7, No. 42, Nov. 22, 1999, pubsapp.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/7747scit6.html.
16 Consumer Reports, “Roofing Buying Guide,” April 8, 2022, www.consumerreports.org/home-garden/roofing/buying-guide/.
17 PV Magazine, “How Long Do Rooftop Residential Solar Panels Last,” Ryan Kennedy, Sept. 27, 2022, www.pv-magazine-usa.com/2022/09/27/how-long-do-rooftop-residential-solar-panels-last-2.
18 IZA, “Circularity,” www.zinc.org/circularity-2/, and “2050 Demand Supply,” https://www.zinc.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2022/10/2050-Demand-Supply_VF_11_22.pdf, accessed May 17, 2023.
19 Cradle to Cradle Products Innovation Institute, www.c2ccertified.org/, accessed May 17, 2023.
20 United Nations (UN) Climate Change, “UNFCCC Process—The Paris Agreement,” www.unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement, accessed May 17, 2023.
21 UN Environmental Programme, Emissions Gap Report 2019, www.unep.org/interactive/emissions-gap-report/2019.
22 UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), “Synthesis Report for the Sixth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2023;” March 30, 2023; www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-cycle/, accessed May 17, 2023.
23 Government of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, “Canada’s Eighth National Communication and Fifth Biennial Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),” Jan. 1, 2023; www.unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Canada%20NC8%20BR5%20EN.pdf, accessed May 17, 2023.
24 See note 23.
25 See note 23.
26 Government of Canada, National Research Council Canada, “National Research Council Canada 2023–24 Departmental Plan,” March 9, 2023; nrc.canada.ca/en/corporate/planning-reporting/national-research-council-canada-2023-24-departmental-plan, accessed May 17, 2023.
27 See note 26.
28 The Building Officials Association of British Columbia, “Consultation on Draft Policy Framework for Climate Change Mitigation,” https://boabc.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Consultation-on-Draft-Policy-Framework-for-Climate-Change-Mitigation.pdf, “Policy Considerations for Developing and Implementing Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Provisions in the National Model Codes,” www.boabc.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Policy-Considerations-for-Developing-and-Implementing-Greenhouse-Gas-Emissions-Provisions-in-the-National-Model-Codes.pdf, accessed May 17, 2023.
29 See note 26.
30 Government of Canada, Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, “Government of Canada champions sustainable procurement through new green standards for major contracts,” Feb. 28, 2023; www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/news/2023/02/government-of-canada-champions-sustainable-procurement-through-new-green-standards-for-major-contracts.html, accessed May 17, 2023.
31 Government of British Columbia, Building and Safety Standards Branch, Energy Step Code Council, “Building Beyond the Standard,” www.energystepcode.ca/, accessed May 17, 2023.
32 Architecture 2030, “How widely adopted is the 2030 Challenge?” www.architecture2030.org/about/faq/#toggle-id-3, accessed May 17, 2023.
Author
Charles (Chip) McGowan is the president of RHEINZINK America Inc. and has more than three decades of experience working with architectural, specifications, and installation professionals on projects featuring metal building products. He is a member of the ASTM B02 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys (ASTM) committee and represents RHEINZINK’s membership in the Metal Construction Association (MCA), U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), and the American Institute of Architects (AIA). McGowan can be reached at charles.mcgowan@rheinzink.com.
